Organic Chem Study Guide Part 2
Be able to do the following for the coming test!
1. What are the 4 organic molecules and why are they important to living things?
2. What 6 elements are all organisms based on?
3. What is so special about carbon and why is it the basis for life on Earth?
4. Carbohydrates
a. What are their functions?
b. What elements are they based on?
c. Know that the monomer is a monosaccharide, and name/give the chemical formula for the 3 monosaccharides
d. Know that the polymer is a polysaccharide—describe the functions of the important polysaccharides like glycogen, cellulose and starch
5. Lipids
a. Name the 4 functions of lipids.
b. What elements are they based on?
c. Describe the structure of a triglyceride.
d. Name 3 other substances that are fats/lipids (wax, oil, steroids, hormones, etc)
e. Explain the molecular difference between saturated and unsaturated fats, and know which comes from plants and which from animals.
6. Proteins
a. Name at least 4 functions of proteins.
b. What elements are they based on?
c. How many amino acids are found in nature?
d. Name the monomer of proteins and the polymer. What type of bond attaches amino acids together?
e. Explain what an enzyme is and why they’re important.
7. Nucleic Acids
a. What is the function of nucleic acids? What is the shape of a DNA molecule?
b. What are the 3 parts of a nucleotide, the monomer of DNA/RNA?
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